Iterative functions
As HL7 messages are compound structures, it should be possible to traverse them. Thus, the HL7 DSL implements iterators for HL7 messages and groups. Due to their nested structures, iteration is implemented as a depth first traversal over all non-empty substructures, i.e. non-empty groups and segments.
import ca.uhn.hl7v2.model.Message
boolean hasGroups = message.any { it instanceof Group }
def allStructureNames = message*.name
An iterator() method is defined for the Group and Message classes. This method is seldomly used directly, however, a lot of Groovy’s iterative functions rely on the existence of such an iterator. As a consequence, you can e.g. use the following Groovy functions on HL7 messages and groups:
- each
- eachWithIndex
- every
- any
- collect
- find
- findAll
- split
- for statement
- the spread operator
Examples
// Count the number of substructures
int numberOfStructures = 0
msg1.each { numberOfStructures++ }
println "The message has $numberOfStructures substructures"
// Check if there are any groups
boolean hasGroups = msg1.any { it instanceof Group }
// A list of the names of all substructures
def names = msg1*.name
// For loop
for (structure in msg1) {
// do something with structure
}
// Find the first nested OBX segment
def obx = msg1.find { it.name == 'OBX' }
obx = msg1.findOBX() // shortcut notation
// Find all nested OBX segments
def obxList = msg1.findAll { it.name == 'OBX' }
obxList = msg1.findAllOBX() // shortcut notation
The find/findAll methods are particularly useful together with smart navigation use cases:
- accessing data in a deeply nested message structure that is not visible in the pipe-encoded representation.
- uniformly accessing corresponding fields in messages with different structure
- messages that have a group structure in a newer HL7 version while having a flat structure in previous versions.
def patientName = msg.PATIENT_RESULT(0).PATIENT.PID[5][1].value
patientName = msg.findPID()[5][1].value // equivalent, shorter, and group-structure-agnostic